Sultan Abdul Mejid
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Abdul Mejid became the sultan of the Ottoman Empire in 1839. He was a reformer and tried to improve the lives of citizens of all clases through fair taxation, equal rights, and religious freedom, while enduring interference from foreign ambassadors in international affairs. Before proceeding with the expedition, Lynch was under orders from Mason to receive an imperial passport from the sultan. He receive the necessary letter of permission to travel through the empire on 8 March 1848.
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