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John Castillo Kennedy

Mr. Kennedy lives in California and has written widely on its history. The present article is part of a forthcoming book on trans-Isthmian routes to California in the 1850’s. His sources included The Panama Massacre; A Collection of the Principal Evidence and Other Documents … (printed at the office of the Panama Star and Herald , 1857).

Articles by this Author

Back when Panama was a jumping-off place for Eldorado, a piece of melon became a symbol that led to a massacre. Its seeds of anti-Yankee resentment are still bearing fruit